![]() Nature Communications volume 13, Article number: 3911 ( 2022)Īrcheological and historical studies have proposed linkages among global climate change, societal instability, violent conflict, and sociopolitical collapse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, but also instances of resilience, transformation and sustainability in the face of climate pressures 8, 9, 10. The influence of climate change on civil conflict in the last century has also been the focus of compelling statistical studies 11, 12, and an important nexus for debate, revealing the importance of human agency and unexpected, non-linear relationships between climate and human behavior 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Longer-term climatic, archeological, and historical records can contribute to these contemporary debates, but demand a rigorous transdisciplinary framework that bridges natural and social systems 8, 18. We report a singular case study of the complexities of the natural and social systems at the Postclassic Maya capital of Mayapan (1200–1450 calendar year CE) throughout its history and its ultimate demise. This occurred in the context of drought, civil conflict, and the collapse of the regional state. A period of political balkanization after 1450 cal. CE preserved complex organizational institutions and fostered a resilient, peninsular-wide market economy observed at European contact in the early 16 th century CE. We examine climate stresses to Mayapan’s local and regional subsistence and economic systems, and the behaviors of human actors that included political violence within these dynamic social and political transformations.Ĭlimate assessment reports of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) evaluate risk and model vulnerability during the last century at regional and global scales 20. Lawful holders of mutilated currency may receive a redemption at full value when: The Director of the BEP has the final authority with respect to mutilated currency submission redemptions. ![]() Clearly more than 50% of a note identifiable as United States currency is present, along with sufficient remnants of any relevant security feature or.50% or less of a note identifiable as United States currency is present and the method of mutilation and supporting evidence demonstrate to the satisfaction of the BEP that the missing portions have been totally destroyed.A submission, or any portion thereof, demonstrates a pattern of intentional mutilation or an attempt to defraud the United States.A submission appears to be part of, or intended to further, any criminal scheme.In such instances, the entire submission will be destroyed or retained as evidence. ![]() Welcome to the State of Utah Division of Purchasing and General Services.
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